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rootnode-academy/content/root/root-04-containers-and-docker/m03-docker-cli/02-demonstration-run-vs-exec.md
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ced4568andClaude Sonnet 5 682ef2de47 feat(root04): author Containers & Docker
Adds all 8 ROOT 04 modules (why containers exist, images & containers, Docker CLI, container
networking, container storage, Dockerfile & image build, Docker Compose, containers →
Kubernetes) — 43 activities, using the nested Docker Engine Phase 6D built and tested. Modules
1, 2, and 8 are conceptual (no lab by design) — the honest bridge module (M8) explicitly names
what Kubernetes adds beyond what this course already taught, without re-teaching Kubernetes
itself.

Adds 5 new hands-on Docker scenarios plus 2 MCQs, all against the real nested Docker Engine:
docker-cli-basics (run/exec/inspect a real container), docker-container-networking (a genuine
"works internally, unreachable from host" port-publishing failure, diagnosed and fixed by
recreating the container with the correct `-p` flag), docker-container-storage (a real
destroy/recreate cycle proving named-volume persistence, not just described), docker-build-image
(a real Dockerfile, a real build, a real custom image run), and docker-compose-multiservice (a
real two-service Compose application with a real published port). All tested end-to-end via the
real scenario-validation API, including negative tests.

Wires rootnode-containers-assessment (2 required + 4 random-draw scenarios) using the existing
Phase 3B assessment engine.

This completes the entire ROOT_ Foundations sequence (ROOT 01-04) — see
docs/PHASE6E_ROOT_FOUNDATIONS_COMPLETION.md.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <[email protected]>
2026-08-26 17:08:14 -05:00

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Markdown

# Demonstration: `run` Creates, `exec` Reaches In
## OBSERVE
```
$ docker run -d --name web nginx:alpine
$ docker ps --format '{{.Names}}'
web
```
One container exists.
## HYPOTHESIS
Predict: will `docker exec web echo hello` create a SECOND container?
## INSPECT
```
$ docker exec web echo hello
hello
$ docker ps --format '{{.Names}}'
web
```
Still exactly one container — `exec` ran a new command INSIDE the existing one, it never
created anything new.
## CHANGE
Now actually run the same image again:
```
$ docker run -d --name web2 nginx:alpine
$ docker ps --format '{{.Names}}'
web2
web
```
Now two containers exist — because `run`, unlike `exec`, always creates a NEW container.
## VERIFY
```
$ docker logs web | tail -3
$ docker inspect web --format '{{.State.Running}}'
true
```
Both containers are independent, each with their own logs and state — exactly as Module 2's
"one image, many containers" demonstration showed.
## Instructor Notes
**Demo goal:** Directly contrast `run` and `exec`'s effect on the container COUNT — this is the
most common early confusion and deserves a side-by-side comparison.
**Approximate timing:** 8 minutes live.
**Common mistake to watch for:** trying to `exec` into a container that isn't running yet
(`exec` requires an ALREADY-running target) — a good moment to connect back to `docker ps`
first.