diff --git a/frontend/src/components/BundleNav.jsx b/frontend/src/components/BundleNav.jsx
index 73f09b7..a6a1342 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/BundleNav.jsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/BundleNav.jsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { useState, useRef } from 'react'
 import styles from './BundleNav.module.css'
+import { useConfirm } from './useConfirm'
 
 async function resetProgress(scope, opts) {
   await fetch('/api/progress/reset', {
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ export default function BundleNav({
   const [startX, setStartX] = useState(0)
   const [scrollLeft, setScrollLeft] = useState(0)
   const [dragDist, setDragDist] = useState(0)
+  const { confirm, ConfirmUI } = useConfirm()
 
   const handleMouseDown = (e) => {
     if (!trackRef.current) return
@@ -41,6 +43,7 @@ export default function BundleNav({
 
   return (
     <>
+      {ConfirmUI}
       <nav className={`${styles.nav} ${collapsed ? styles.collapsed : ''}`} aria-label="Scenario bundles">
         {!collapsed && (
           <div
@@ -117,7 +120,13 @@ export default function BundleNav({
                         title={`Reset all progress in "${b.name}"`}
                         onClick={async e => {
                           e.stopPropagation()
-                          if (!window.confirm(`Reset all progress in "${b.name}"?`)) return
+                          const ok = await confirm({
+                            title: 'Reset Bundle Progress',
+                            message: `Reset all progress in "${b.name}"?`,
+                            confirmLabel: 'Reset',
+                            danger: true,
+                          })
+                          if (!ok) return
                           await resetProgress('bundle', { bundleId: b.id })
                           onProgressUpdate?.()
                         }}
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/ConfirmModal.jsx b/frontend/src/components/ConfirmModal.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2baa49b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/components/ConfirmModal.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import { useEffect, useRef } from 'react'
+import styles from './ConfirmModal.module.css'
+
+/**
+ * ConfirmModal — drop-in replacement for window.confirm.
+ *
+ * Usage via the useConfirm hook (see useConfirm.js).
+ * Props:
+ *   open        boolean
+ *   title       string
+ *   message     string
+ *   confirmLabel  string  (default "Confirm")
+ *   cancelLabel   string  (default "Cancel")
+ *   danger      boolean  (red confirm button)
+ *   onConfirm   () => void
+ *   onCancel    () => void
+ */
+export default function ConfirmModal({
+  open, title, message,
+  confirmLabel = 'Confirm', cancelLabel = 'Cancel',
+  danger = false,
+  onConfirm, onCancel,
+}) {
+  const confirmRef = useRef(null)
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (open) confirmRef.current?.focus()
+  }, [open])
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!open) return
+    const onKey = e => {
+      if (e.key === 'Escape') onCancel()
+      if (e.key === 'Enter') onConfirm()
+    }
+    window.addEventListener('keydown', onKey)
+    return () => window.removeEventListener('keydown', onKey)
+  }, [open, onConfirm, onCancel])
+
+  if (!open) return null
+
+  return (
+    <div className={styles.overlay} onMouseDown={e => e.target === e.currentTarget && onCancel()}>
+      <div className={styles.modal} role="dialog" aria-modal="true">
+        {title && <div className={styles.header}>{title}</div>}
+        {message && <div className={styles.body}>{message}</div>}
+        <div className={styles.actions}>
+          <button className={styles.cancelBtn} onClick={onCancel}>{cancelLabel}</button>
+          <button
+            ref={confirmRef}
+            className={`${styles.confirmBtn} ${danger ? styles.danger : ''}`}
+            onClick={onConfirm}
+          >
+            {confirmLabel}
+          </button>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/ConfirmModal.module.css b/frontend/src/components/ConfirmModal.module.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4dc06cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/components/ConfirmModal.module.css
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+.overlay {
+  position: fixed;
+  inset: 0;
+  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55);
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  z-index: 9999;
+  backdrop-filter: blur(3px);
+  animation: fadeIn 0.12s ease;
+}
+
+.modal {
+  background: var(--surface);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border2);
+  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
+  width: 400px;
+  max-width: 90vw;
+  box-shadow: 0 20px 60px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
+  animation: slideUp 0.15s ease;
+  overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+.header {
+  padding: 18px 20px 0;
+  font-size: 15px;
+  font-weight: 700;
+  color: var(--text);
+  letter-spacing: -0.2px;
+}
+
+.body {
+  padding: 10px 20px 18px;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  color: var(--text-2);
+  line-height: 1.65;
+  white-space: pre-line;
+}
+
+.actions {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: flex-end;
+  gap: 8px;
+  padding: 12px 20px;
+  border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
+  background: var(--surface2);
+}
+
+.cancelBtn {
+  background: none;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border2);
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  color: var(--text-2);
+  padding: 7px 16px;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  font-family: var(--sans);
+  cursor: pointer;
+  transition: all 0.12s;
+}
+.cancelBtn:hover {
+  color: var(--text);
+  border-color: var(--text-3);
+  background: var(--surface3);
+}
+
+.confirmBtn {
+  background: var(--green);
+  color: #000;
+  border: none;
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  padding: 7px 18px;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  font-weight: 700;
+  font-family: var(--sans);
+  cursor: pointer;
+  transition: opacity 0.12s;
+}
+.confirmBtn:hover { opacity: 0.85; }
+
+.confirmBtn.danger {
+  background: var(--red);
+  color: #fff;
+}
+
+@keyframes fadeIn  { from { opacity: 0 } to { opacity: 1 } }
+@keyframes slideUp { from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(12px) } to { opacity: 1; transform: none } }
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/ExamTimer.jsx b/frontend/src/components/ExamTimer.jsx
index b683d9c..7ba283e 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/ExamTimer.jsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/ExamTimer.jsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { useState, useEffect, useCallback, useRef } from 'react'
 import styles from './ExamTimer.module.css'
+import { useConfirm } from './useConfirm'
 
 function formatTime(secs) {
   if (secs < 0) secs = 0
@@ -41,19 +42,33 @@ export default function ExamTimer({ session, bundle, onSubmit, onAbandon }) {
   const pct = Math.min(100, (elapsed / durationSecs) * 100)
   const urgent = remaining < 600 // < 10 min
 
-  const handleSubmit = useCallback(async () => {
-    if (!window.confirm(`Submit exam now?\n\n${session.completedCount || 0} of ${session.scenarioCount || '?'} scenarios completed.`)) return
-    onSubmit()
-  }, [session, onSubmit])
+  const { confirm, ConfirmUI } = useConfirm()
 
-  const handleAbandon = useCallback(() => {
-    if (!window.confirm('Abandon this exam?\n\nYour progress will be saved but no score report will be generated.')) return
+  const handleSubmit = useCallback(async () => {
+    const ok = await confirm({
+      title: 'Submit Exam',
+      message: `Submit exam now?\n\n${session.completedCount || 0} of ${session.scenarioCount || '?'} scenarios completed.`,
+      confirmLabel: 'Submit',
+    })
+    if (!ok) return
+    onSubmit()
+  }, [session, onSubmit, confirm])
+
+  const handleAbandon = useCallback(async () => {
+    const ok = await confirm({
+      title: 'Abandon Exam',
+      message: 'Abandon this exam?\n\nYour progress will be saved but no score report will be generated.',
+      confirmLabel: 'Abandon',
+      danger: true,
+    })
+    if (!ok) return
     onAbandon()
-  }, [onAbandon])
+  }, [onAbandon, confirm])
 
   if (!session) return null
 
   return (
+    <>
     <div className={`${styles.timer} ${urgent ? styles.urgent : ''}`}>
       <div className={styles.left}>
         <span className={styles.icon}>⏱</span>
@@ -87,5 +102,7 @@ export default function ExamTimer({ session, bundle, onSubmit, onAbandon }) {
         </button>
       </div>
     </div>
+    {ConfirmUI}
+    </>
   )
 }
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/ScenarioPanel.jsx b/frontend/src/components/ScenarioPanel.jsx
index 8b189f5..23609fe 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/ScenarioPanel.jsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/ScenarioPanel.jsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { useState, useEffect, useRef } from 'react'
 import ReactMarkdown from 'react-markdown'
 import remarkGfm from 'remark-gfm'
 import styles from './ScenarioPanel.module.css'
+import { useConfirm } from './useConfirm'
 
 // Inline markdown: renders without a wrapping <p> — safe for buttons/spans
 const inlineComponents = {
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ export default function ScenarioPanel({ scenario, onProgressUpdate, onScenarioSt
   const [tab, setTab] = useState('problem')
   const [setupState, setSetupState] = useState('idle') // idle | running | done | error
   const [validating, setValidating] = useState(false)
+  const { confirm, ConfirmUI } = useConfirm()
   const [validResult, setValidResult] = useState(null)
   const [selectedOption, setSelectedOption] = useState(null)
   const [mcqResult, setMcqResult] = useState(null)
@@ -197,6 +199,7 @@ export default function ScenarioPanel({ scenario, onProgressUpdate, onScenarioSt
 
   return (
     <div className={styles.panel}>
+      {ConfirmUI}
       {/* Scenario header */}
       <div className={styles.scenarioHeader}>
         <div className={styles.scenarioMeta}>
@@ -289,10 +292,14 @@ export default function ScenarioPanel({ scenario, onProgressUpdate, onScenarioSt
               className={styles.resetBtn}
               title="Reset progress for this scenario"
               onClick={async () => {
-                const msg = scenario.type === 'task'
+                const title = scenario.type === 'task'
+                  ? 'Reset Scenario & Environment'
+                  : 'Reset Scenario Progress'
+                const message = scenario.type === 'task'
                   ? `Reset progress and cluster state for "${scenario.title}"?\n\nThis will run teardown to clean the environment.`
                   : `Reset progress for "${scenario.title}"?`
-                if (!window.confirm(msg)) return
+                const ok = await confirm({ title, message, confirmLabel: 'Reset', danger: true })
+                if (!ok) return
                 await resetProgress('scenario', { scenarioId: scenario.id })
                 setSelectedOption(null)
                 setMcqResult(null)
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/Sidebar.jsx b/frontend/src/components/Sidebar.jsx
index 9a1c1ad..c149091 100644
--- a/frontend/src/components/Sidebar.jsx
+++ b/frontend/src/components/Sidebar.jsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { useState, useMemo } from 'react'
 import styles from './Sidebar.module.css'
+import { useConfirm } from './useConfirm'
 
 const DIFF_COLOR = { Easy: 'green', Medium: 'amber', Hard: 'red' }
 const TYPE_ICON  = { task: '⚙', mcq: '◉' }
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ export default function Sidebar({
 }) {
   const [filterDiff, setFilterDiff] = useState('All')
   const [filterType, setFilterType] = useState('All')
+  const { confirm, ConfirmUI } = useConfirm()
 
   const filteredScenarios = useMemo(() => {
     return scenarios.filter(s => {
@@ -72,23 +74,37 @@ export default function Sidebar({
 
   const handleCategoryReset = async (e, cat) => {
     e.stopPropagation()
-    if (!window.confirm(`Reset all progress in "${cat}"?`)) return
+    const ok = await confirm({
+      title: 'Reset Category Progress',
+      message: `Reset all progress in "${cat}"?`,
+      confirmLabel: 'Reset',
+      danger: true,
+    })
+    if (!ok) return
     await resetProgress('category', { category: cat })
     onProgressUpdate?.()
   }
 
   const handleScenarioReset = async (e, scenarioId, title) => {
     e.stopPropagation()
-    if (!window.confirm(`Reset progress for "${title}"?`)) return
+    const ok = await confirm({
+      title: 'Reset Scenario Progress',
+      message: `Reset progress for "${title}"?`,
+      confirmLabel: 'Reset',
+      danger: true,
+    })
+    if (!ok) return
     await resetProgress('scenario', { scenarioId })
     onProgressUpdate?.()
   }
 
   return (
-    <aside
-      className={`${styles.sidebar} ${collapsed ? styles.collapsed : ''}`}
-      style={{ width, minWidth: width }}
-    >
+    <>
+      {ConfirmUI}
+      <aside
+        className={`${styles.sidebar} ${collapsed ? styles.collapsed : ''}`}
+        style={{ width, minWidth: width }}
+      >
       {/* Top bar */}
       <div className={styles.sidebarTop}>
         {!collapsed && <span className={styles.sidebarTitle}>Scenarios</span>}
@@ -256,5 +272,6 @@ export default function Sidebar({
         </div>
       )}
     </aside>
+    </>
   )
 }
diff --git a/frontend/src/components/useConfirm.jsx b/frontend/src/components/useConfirm.jsx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd59b4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/frontend/src/components/useConfirm.jsx
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import { useState, useCallback, useRef } from 'react'
+import ConfirmModal from './ConfirmModal'
+
+/**
+ * useConfirm — returns { confirm, ConfirmUI }
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ *   const { confirm, ConfirmUI } = useConfirm()
+ *
+ *   // Inside JSX:
+ *   {ConfirmUI}
+ *
+ *   // Imperatively (awaitable):
+ *   const ok = await confirm({
+ *     title: 'Delete item',
+ *     message: 'This cannot be undone.',
+ *     confirmLabel: 'Delete',
+ *     danger: true,
+ *   })
+ *   if (ok) { ... }
+ */
+export function useConfirm() {
+  const [state, setState] = useState({ open: false })
+  const resolveRef = useRef(null)
+
+  const confirm = useCallback((options) => {
+    return new Promise(resolve => {
+      resolveRef.current = resolve
+      setState({ open: true, ...options })
+    })
+  }, [])
+
+  const handleConfirm = useCallback(() => {
+    setState(s => ({ ...s, open: false }))
+    resolveRef.current?.(true)
+  }, [])
+
+  const handleCancel = useCallback(() => {
+    setState(s => ({ ...s, open: false }))
+    resolveRef.current?.(false)
+  }, [])
+
+  const ConfirmUI = (
+    <ConfirmModal
+      open={state.open}
+      title={state.title}
+      message={state.message}
+      confirmLabel={state.confirmLabel}
+      cancelLabel={state.cancelLabel}
+      danger={state.danger}
+      onConfirm={handleConfirm}
+      onCancel={handleCancel}
+    />
+  )
+
+  return { confirm, ConfirmUI }
+}